“ASWAJA”
ASWAJA stands for the word of "Ahlussunnah waljamaah". Ahlussunnah means persons who hold or follow the sunnah of Prophet Muhammad SAW, and waljamaah means the majority of the people or the majority of the Companions of the Prophet Muhammad SAW. So the definition Ahlussunnah waljamaah namely: "Those who follow the sunnah of Prophet Muhammad SAW and the majority of the Companions (alaihi wa maa ana ashhabi), both in the Shari'a (Islamic law) as well as theology and mysticism".
Waljamaah Ahlussunnah term unknown in the time of the Prophet Muhammad and in the reign of al-Khilafat al-Rashidun, even unknown in the reign of Bani Umayyad (41-133 AH / 611-750 AD). The term is for the first time in life during the reign of Caliph Abu Jafar al-Mansur (137-159H./754-775M) and the Caliph Harun al-Rashid (170-194H/785-809M), both of the Abbasid dynasty (750 -1258). The term Ahlussunnah waljamaah increasingly looked to the surface during the reign of Caliph al-Ma'mun (198-218H/813-833M).
In his day, al-Ma'mun made Mu'tazilites (flow based on the Islamic teachings of the Qur'an and common) as the official state schools, and he forced the officials and religious leaders to follow this ideology, especially regarding the premises kemakhlukan al-Quran. for it, he did mihnah (inquisition), which test the creed of the officials and scholars. Examination subject matter that is the problem in al-quran. For Mu'tazilites, al-Quran is a creature (created by Allah SWT), not qadim (around since the beginning of all the beginning), because no one except Allah SWT qadim. People who argue that al-quran it qadim means Shirk and Shirk is a huge sin unforgivable. To free a man from polytheism, al-Ma'mun did mihnah. There are some scholars who exposed mihnah of al-Ma'mun, among others, Imam Ahmad Ibn Hanbal (164-241H).
The use of the term Ahlussunnah waljamaah more popular after the appearance of Abu Hasan al-Ash'ari (260-324H/873-935M) and Abu Mansur Al-Maturidi (d. 944 AD), who gave birth to the school of "Al-and Al-Maturidyah Asy'aryah "in the field of theology. As 'resistance' against the flow of the stream Mu'tazilites official government time. Ash'arite theory has put a priority naql (text qu'an hadeeth) than aql (reasoning). Thus to say Ahlussunnah waljamaah at the time, then it is meant Saxon Ash'arite or al-Maturidyah field of theology. In this connection Ahlussunnah waljamaah distinguished from Mu'tazilites, Qadariyah, Shi'ites, Kharijites, and other streams. Of stream flow Ahlussunnah waljamaah called Sunni theology, then the field is also growing in other areas of the hallmark of this genre, both in the field of fiqh and Sufism. thus the term, if the so-called Sunni creed (Ahlussunnah waljamaah) in question is a follower Asy'aryah and Maturidyah. Or Sunni Fiqh, the followers of the four schools of thought (Hanafi, Maliki, Shafi'i and Hanbali). The use of referral Qu'ran, al-hadith, ijma 'and qiyas. Or too Sunni Sufism, which is a follower of Sufism method Qashim Abu Abdul Karim al-Qushayri, Imam Al-Hawi, Imam Al-Ghazali and Imam Junaid al-Baghdadi. Which combines the Shari'ah, the nature and makrifaat.
Understanding the Hadith firqah
There is some history of hadith about firqah or milla (class or stream) is then used as the basis for firqah Ahlussunnah waljamaah. There are at least 6 hadith about the history of firqah / millah sanadnya all of which can be used as proof because there is nothing but dloif and hasan hadeeth. Conclusion of the hadith that the Prophet explains that people will be 73 firqah, all in hell, except one who is in heaven. That's called a survivor firqah( الفرقة الناجية). . There was a history of beberpa expressly mentioned أهل الســنة والجمــاعة)Ahlussunnah waljamaah". or "aljamaah"( الجماعة But the most with the sentence: 'alaihi wa maa ana ashhabi . ماأنا عليه وأصحا . Let authors have quoted some hadith about firqah or milla:.
There is some history of hadith about firqah or milla (class or stream) is then used as the basis for firqah Ahlussunnah waljamaah. There are at least 6 hadith about the history of firqah / millah sanadnya all of which can be used as proof because there is nothing but dloif and hasan hadeeth. Conclusion of the hadith that the Prophet explains that people will be 73 firqah, all in hell, except one who is in heaven. That's called a survivor firqah( الفرقة الناجية). . There was a history of beberpa expressly mentioned أهل الســنة والجمــاعة)Ahlussunnah waljamaah". or "aljamaah"( الجماعة But the most with the sentence: 'alaihi wa maa ana ashhabi . ماأنا عليه وأصحا . Let authors have quoted some hadith about firqah or milla:.
عن عبد الله بن عمرو
قال قال رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم: " لبأتين على أمتي ما أتى على بني
اســــرائيل حذو النعل بالنعل حتى ان كان منهم من بأتي أمه علانية لكان في أمتي من
يصنع ذالك , وان بني اســـرائيل تفرقت على ثنتين وســبعين ملة, وتفترق أمتي على
ثلاث وســبعين ملة كلهم فى النار الا واحدة قالوا ومن هي يا رسول الله ؟
قال : " مـــا أنا عليه وأصـــحابي". ( الترمذي و الآجري واللا
لكائي وغيرهم. حـــسن بشــواهد كثيرة )
Meaning: From Abillah Bin 'Amr said, the Prophet SAW said: "It would come to my people as happened to the Children of Israel. They mimic perilakuan someone with compatibles, although among them there is a blatant intercourse with his mother will undoubtedly be among my people who do like them. Indeed the children of Israel in groups to 72 groups. And my people will be grouped into 73 groups, all in hell except one. Companions asked: who they are that the Messenger of Allah? He replied: "What is there to me and my friends" (Narrated by At-Tirmidhi, Al-Ajiri, Al-lalkai. Hasan hadeeth)
عن أنس بن مــالك قال : قال رســول الله صــلى الله عليه وســلم : " ان بني اســرائيل افترقت على احدى وســبعين فرقة , وان أمتي ستفترق على ثنــتين وسبعين فرقــة كلها في النار الا واحدة, وهي الجمــاعة " ( ابن ماجه وأحمد واللا لكائي وغيرهم. هذا اســـناد جيد (
Meaning: From Abillah Bin 'Amr said, the Prophet SAW said: "It would come to my people as happened to the Children of Israel. They mimic perilakuan someone with compatibles, although among them there is a blatant intercourse with his mother will undoubtedly be among my people who do like them. Indeed the children of Israel in groups to 72 groups. And my people will be grouped into 73 groups, all in hell except one. Companions asked: who they are that the Messenger of Allah? He replied: "What is there to me and my friends" (Narrated by At-Tirmidhi, Al-Ajiri, Al-lalkai. Hasan hadeeth)
عن أنس بن مــالك قال : قال رســول الله صــلى الله عليه وســلم : " ان بني اســرائيل افترقت على احدى وســبعين فرقة , وان أمتي ستفترق على ثنــتين وسبعين فرقــة كلها في النار الا واحدة, وهي الجمــاعة " ( ابن ماجه وأحمد واللا لكائي وغيرهم. هذا اســـناد جيد (
Meaning: From Anas bin Malik said, the prophet SAW said:
"Behold the children of Israel will be grouped into 71 groups and real
groups of my Ummah will be 72 classes, all in hell, except one, namely
al-worshipers". (HR.Ibn Majah, Ahmad, al-lakai and others. Hadith good
sanad)
Of understanding the hadith above can be understood and disipulkan as follows:
Adherents of a religion since before the Prophet Muhammad (Children of Israel) have a lot of 'deviant' from the original teachings, so that there are many interpretations which are then accumulated into firqah-firqah.
People of the Prophet Muhammad would also be beberpa firqah.namun how much? Number 73 is not fixed or show a lot, as was the custom at that time Arabic culture?.
Various firqah was still recognized by the Prophet Muhammad as his people, whatever means they firqah names and product apaun thoughts and opinions of their origin still acknowledge God as God, Muhammad as a prophet and the Ka'bah is still recognized as the center of the Muslim. Should not be branded as infidels. 'Alaihi wa lahu ma ma lana alainaa.'
Understanding all in hell except one, ie they are not exactly in accordance with the sunnah of the Prophet and his companions would go to hell before, but not eternal didalmnya that will be taken to heaven if there is still a bit of faith in his heart. While the one going straight to heaven without a stop in hell first. الفرقة النـاجية ( (the survivors) are those who follow the example according to the Prophet Muhammad and his companions ماأناعليه وأصحـابه which may be in different places, times and pilgrims. do not have one organization, one country, one period or one-party and class
Of understanding the hadith above can be understood and disipulkan as follows:
Adherents of a religion since before the Prophet Muhammad (Children of Israel) have a lot of 'deviant' from the original teachings, so that there are many interpretations which are then accumulated into firqah-firqah.
People of the Prophet Muhammad would also be beberpa firqah.namun how much? Number 73 is not fixed or show a lot, as was the custom at that time Arabic culture?.
Various firqah was still recognized by the Prophet Muhammad as his people, whatever means they firqah names and product apaun thoughts and opinions of their origin still acknowledge God as God, Muhammad as a prophet and the Ka'bah is still recognized as the center of the Muslim. Should not be branded as infidels. 'Alaihi wa lahu ma ma lana alainaa.'
Understanding all in hell except one, ie they are not exactly in accordance with the sunnah of the Prophet and his companions would go to hell before, but not eternal didalmnya that will be taken to heaven if there is still a bit of faith in his heart. While the one going straight to heaven without a stop in hell first. الفرقة النـاجية ( (the survivors) are those who follow the example according to the Prophet Muhammad and his companions ماأناعليه وأصحـابه which may be in different places, times and pilgrims. do not have one organization, one country, one period or one-party and class
Ahlussunnah Waljamaah by KH. Hashim Ash'ari
KH. Hashim Ash'ari, Rais NU Akbar 'gives tashawur (picture) on Ahlussunnah waljamaah as stated in al-Qanun al-rights, that the ideology Ahlussunnah waljamaah NU version' that follows the Abu Hasan al-Ash'ari and Abu Mansur al- Maturidi theologically, follow one of four schools of jurisprudence (Hanafi, Maliki, Shafi'i and Hanbali) are fiqhiyah, and bertashawuf as understood by Imam al-Ghazali or Imam Junaid al-Baghdadi.
KH. Hashim Ash'ari, Rais NU Akbar 'gives tashawur (picture) on Ahlussunnah waljamaah as stated in al-Qanun al-rights, that the ideology Ahlussunnah waljamaah NU version' that follows the Abu Hasan al-Ash'ari and Abu Mansur al- Maturidi theologically, follow one of four schools of jurisprudence (Hanafi, Maliki, Shafi'i and Hanbali) are fiqhiyah, and bertashawuf as understood by Imam al-Ghazali or Imam Junaid al-Baghdadi.
KH.Hashim Ash'ari explanation
about Ahlussunnah waljamaah NU version 'can be understood as follows:
1. KH Hashim Ash'ari aswaja explanation, do not be seen from the view of science Manthiq ta'rif according to jami 'wa mani' جامع مانع) but it is a picture تصــور) which will be easier for the public to be mendaptkan justification and a clear understanding (تصــد يق). . Because by definition of Ahlussunnah waljamaah scholars are semantically different but the same estuary alaihi wa maa ana ashabii.
2. Explanation aswaja version KH.Hashim Ash'ari, is the history of the Implementation of coexistence waljamaah Ahlussunnah group since the reign of the Abbasid who then accumulated into a theological firqah Ash'arite and Maturidiyah, berfiqh the four schools and bertashuwf Junai al-Ghazali and al-Baghdadi
3. A "resistance" against the motion 'wahabiyah' (Islamic modernists) in Indonesia at that time that echoes back to the concept of al-Quran and As-Sunnah, in the sense of anti-schools, anti-taqlid, and anti-tuberculosis. (Tahayyul, heresy and khurafaat). So of explanation aswaja NU version can be understood that to understand al-Quran and As-Sunnah to the interpretation of the scholars who are experts. Because very few of the m uslimin able diligence, and even most of them were muqallid or muttabi 'either admitted or not.
Conclusion
From the author of Ahlussunnah waljamaah exposure, historically, a text explanation of the hadith and KH. Hashim Ash'ari, it can be concluded as follows:
Historically, Ahlussunnah waljamaah to name a firqah the Abbasid reign, as a result of the upheavals of thought between Mu'tazilites and other groups. In this view Ahlussunnah waljamaah is an "al-manhaj al-fikri".
The classification of Islamic firqah to 73 is a prediction of the Prophet according to the system think that will evolve in the future in understanding the teachings of Islam. But all the people were still in the frame of the Prophet Muhammad and not to get out of the din al-Islam.
Survivors is a group behavior of individuals or groups who follow the sunnah of the Prophet and his companions. Cross organizations, parties, schools, nation, generation, or other figure
NU 'claim as a group Ahlussunnah waljamaah but aswaja not only NU. NU men claim to be biased, but in his understanding of Islam is not in accordance with the concept aswaja. So it could be in a class of non-NU, but his belief in accordance dengtan ASWAJA concept.
Aswaja reinterpretation of a concept is a return to an understanding of as-Salaf as-righteous who are closest to the Prophet and his companions live system. And the search for truth is to use a knife mujtahidin analysis recognized the ability and sincerity in understanding Islam. Not only with an orientalist discourse developed by Muslim thinkers who tried to anesthetize and destroy Islam from within.
Material Library:
1.Al-fashl fi al-Milal ahwa wa al-'wa an-Nihal. Al-Imam Ibn Hazm dzahiri Ad-Al-Andalusi.
2.Ahlussunnah waljamaah; maalim al-al-kubra inthilaqah. Muhammad Abdul Hadi Al-Mishry
3.Al-Qanun al-Rights. KH. Hashim Ash'ari
4. Encyclopedia of Islam. Prof. Dr. Azyumardi Azra, MA.
1. KH Hashim Ash'ari aswaja explanation, do not be seen from the view of science Manthiq ta'rif according to jami 'wa mani' جامع مانع) but it is a picture تصــور) which will be easier for the public to be mendaptkan justification and a clear understanding (تصــد يق). . Because by definition of Ahlussunnah waljamaah scholars are semantically different but the same estuary alaihi wa maa ana ashabii.
2. Explanation aswaja version KH.Hashim Ash'ari, is the history of the Implementation of coexistence waljamaah Ahlussunnah group since the reign of the Abbasid who then accumulated into a theological firqah Ash'arite and Maturidiyah, berfiqh the four schools and bertashuwf Junai al-Ghazali and al-Baghdadi
3. A "resistance" against the motion 'wahabiyah' (Islamic modernists) in Indonesia at that time that echoes back to the concept of al-Quran and As-Sunnah, in the sense of anti-schools, anti-taqlid, and anti-tuberculosis. (Tahayyul, heresy and khurafaat). So of explanation aswaja NU version can be understood that to understand al-Quran and As-Sunnah to the interpretation of the scholars who are experts. Because very few of the m uslimin able diligence, and even most of them were muqallid or muttabi 'either admitted or not.
Conclusion
From the author of Ahlussunnah waljamaah exposure, historically, a text explanation of the hadith and KH. Hashim Ash'ari, it can be concluded as follows:
Historically, Ahlussunnah waljamaah to name a firqah the Abbasid reign, as a result of the upheavals of thought between Mu'tazilites and other groups. In this view Ahlussunnah waljamaah is an "al-manhaj al-fikri".
The classification of Islamic firqah to 73 is a prediction of the Prophet according to the system think that will evolve in the future in understanding the teachings of Islam. But all the people were still in the frame of the Prophet Muhammad and not to get out of the din al-Islam.
Survivors is a group behavior of individuals or groups who follow the sunnah of the Prophet and his companions. Cross organizations, parties, schools, nation, generation, or other figure
NU 'claim as a group Ahlussunnah waljamaah but aswaja not only NU. NU men claim to be biased, but in his understanding of Islam is not in accordance with the concept aswaja. So it could be in a class of non-NU, but his belief in accordance dengtan ASWAJA concept.
Aswaja reinterpretation of a concept is a return to an understanding of as-Salaf as-righteous who are closest to the Prophet and his companions live system. And the search for truth is to use a knife mujtahidin analysis recognized the ability and sincerity in understanding Islam. Not only with an orientalist discourse developed by Muslim thinkers who tried to anesthetize and destroy Islam from within.
Material Library:
1.Al-fashl fi al-Milal ahwa wa al-'wa an-Nihal. Al-Imam Ibn Hazm dzahiri Ad-Al-Andalusi.
2.Ahlussunnah waljamaah; maalim al-al-kubra inthilaqah. Muhammad Abdul Hadi Al-Mishry
3.Al-Qanun al-Rights. KH. Hashim Ash'ari
4. Encyclopedia of Islam. Prof. Dr. Azyumardi Azra, MA.
No comments:
Post a Comment